AI Server PCIe PCB Manufacturing: Key Requirements for High-Speed Interconnects
As AI model training, high-performance computing, and data center operations continue to expand, the volume of data exchanged within AI servers is increasing, placing greater demands on high-speed interconnect bandwidth and transmission reliability. PCI Express (PCIe) is a key high-speed interconnect standard used in servers. It enables high-speed data communication between CPUs and components such as GPUs, AI accelerator cards, and high-speed storage devices. As PCIe interface speeds increase, the associated PCBs face more stringent requirements for material properties, signal transmission quality, and manufacturing precision. PCIe 5.0 operates at 32 GT/s per lane using non-return-to-zero (NRZ) signaling. PCIe 6.0 increases the transfer rate to 64 GT/s per lane, introducing four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4), Flit mode, and forward error correction (FEC). PCIe 7.0 further raises the per-lane transfer rate to 128 GT/s, continuing to us...